The dispute now hinges on a key question: must candidates fully complete the renunciation of their foreign citizenship before submitting nomination papers, or is merely applying to renounce it sufficient? Critics argue that accepting affidavits or verbal assurances undermines constitutional safeguards and opens the door to selective enforcement.

Examples from countries such as the UK show that renunciation only becomes effective once it is formally registered — meaning applicants remain foreign citizens until the process is complete.

The Bangladesh Election Commission (BEC) has provided limited public explanation of its reasoning, though past decisions indicate strict enforcement. In early 2024, the BEC disqualified Awami League nominee Shammi Ahmed over allegations of dual citizenship, a decision later upheld by the Supreme Court.

Note: Recent 2026 analysis has referred to this list as having 103 countries, though 101 remains the figure widely cited in government notifications.